Governance Dynamics of Community Forest Associations in Kenya

Abstract

Participatory forest management (PFM) involves empowering local communities to manage forest resources sustainably. However, the forest cover in Kenya has been decreasing, despite the presence of PFM. This paper examines the integrated governance of forest resources by Community Forest Associations (CFAs) under participatory forest management in the Mt. Kenya Forest area, using the case study approach. The study used a mixed-methods approach, collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. The target population consisted of households within a 5 km radius of the forest. The sample sizes were 114 and 149 from the Hombe and Meru sites, respectively. Data collection included CFA recruitment processes, governance structures, challenges, and mechanisms of strengthening CFAs. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistical techniques in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using a thematic approach to identify themes and patterns. Findings indicate that while financial contributions and adherence to rules are essential for CFA membership, social attributes and community engagement also play a role. The recruitment process for community members into the CFA was structured. One of the greatest impacts of PFM was the empowerment of communities through the establishment of Community Forest Associations to manage and conserve forest resources. However, the governance structures faced some challenges due to a lack of decentralised power from the government. To make effective participation of the people on a sustained basis, the motivation of CFAs is required. Outside intervention may be necessary to resolve problems within the CFAs and assist in strengthening the CFA governance structure, making it more effective.