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Browsing Undergraduate Projects by Subject "antimicrobial"
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Item Antibacterial Activity of Tea Senna Leaf Extracts on Standard Laboratory Bacteria Strains(University of Embu, 2021-09) Brian, BarakaSenna tea is a popular herbal remedy that’s often marketed as a laxative, weight loss aid, and detox method. However, there’s little scientific evidence to support the efficacy of Senna tea for most of these uses aside from treating constipation. The aim of the study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Senna tea leaves, stems, bark and roots for their ethno medicinal use and their activity on selected bacterial and fungal strains. The antibacterial activity of tea Senna extracts against standardized inoculums of Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The results were obtained by measuring the clear zones that had formed around the bacterial and fungal growth of the isolates at different concentrations of the tea Senna extract. The results showed that the extract had antifungal activity against Candida albicans with the inhibition zones measuring 18mm and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli with inhibition zones measuring 16mm. The study provides useful information and insights into antimicrobial activities on plant extract that can be used in drug development.Item Antimicrobial Activity of Emilia Discifolia Leaf Extracts Against Standard Laboratory Test Microorganisms(University of Embu, 2021-09) . Juma, Chrispine O; Kemuma, Dorcas NdemoEmilia discifolia is a species of plants in the family Asteraceae and is classified as a medicinal plant due to its antimicrobial activities. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Emilia discifolia against standard laboratory test micro-organisms and to assess the availability of phytochemical compounds. The extract of Emilia discifolia was first prepared by washing, drying and crushing it to powder. The extract was then serial diluted to four-folds. Different laboratory test micro-organisms (Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) were spread plated in different media and paper disks prepared from Whatman filter paper dipped in the extract concentration and placed on plates containing different isolates. After incubation, zones of inhibition were measured and recorded. The results showed that zones of inhibition were bigger in E. coli as compared to S. aureus and C. albicans, they also displayed key phytochemical compounds found on the plant extract. Further studies can therefore be done for further knowledge on the antimicrobial activity of Emilia discifolia.Item Antimicrobial Activity of Plant J Leaf and Bark Extracts Against Standard Laboratory Test Microorganisms(University of Embu, 2021-09) Mutai, Kimunai KipngetichPlant extracts with medicinal value have been used to treat many diseases that can either be bacterial, fungal or parasitic among many others. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of plant J extract extracted from plant J collected in Mbeere, Embu County against Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Serial dilution was carried out to obtain different concentrations of the plant extract, for standardization of the isolates McFarland procedure was carried out within a range of 0.5- 4 and used as a reference to regulate the turbidity of bacteria suspensions. The plant extract was extracted using water as the solvent and allowing it to boil for 5-10 minutes then filtered using a filter paper. After incubation of the preferred plant extract concentration with bacteria isolates, zones of inhibition that had formed around the bacteria growth were measured and recorded. The results showed that plant J extract had antimicrobial activity on all the bacteria isolates. The study identified microbial activities of plant J as useful and can be used as a medicinal plantItem Antimicrobial Properties of Kigelia Africana (Sousage Tree) Leaf Extracts(University of Embu, 2021-09) Odhiambo, Felix OnyangoThe use of Kigelia Africana also known as “Sausage tree” as a source of medicine among the Traditional African Society has tremendously been exploited in the past for their medicinal value playing a critical role in traditional human health care systems, especially in developing countries where there is limited access to allopathic drugs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of Kigelia Africana against two bacterial isolates (E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and one fungal isolate (Candida albicans). Disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of Kigelia Africana extract which was extracted using the water extraction method. The results were obtained by measuring the clear zones that had formed around the bacterial and fungal growth of the isolates at different concentrations of Kigelia Africana extract. The extract concentration showed no antimicrobial activity on E. coli both at low and high concentrations. the average zone of inhibition formed on Staphylococcus aureus showed a decrease in antimicrobial activity with descending plant extract concentration as compared to Candida albicans. The study provides useful information and insights into antimicrobial activities on plant extract that can be used in drug developmentItem Antimicrobial Properties of Plant Extract K Leaf Extracts On Standard Laboratory Test Microorganism(University of Embu, 2021-09) Akolo, MichaelMedicinal plants have played an important role in drug discovery, with many pharmaceutical products originating from plants. Isolation and characterization of antibacterial compounds are still relevant today because of the continuing development of resistance of bacteria and fungi to antibiotics. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of plant K against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Serial dilution was carried out to obtain different concentrations of the plant extract, for standardization of the isolates McFarland procedure was carried out within a range of 0.5-4 and used as a reference to regulate the turbidity of bacteria suspensions. The plant extract was extracted using water as the solvent and allowing it to boil for 5-10 minutes then filtered using a filter paper. After incubation of the preferred plant extract concentration with bacteria isolates, zones of inhibition that had formed around the bacteria growth were measured and recorded. The results showed that plant K extract had antimicrobial activity on all the bacteria isolates. The study identified microbial activities of plant K as useful and can be used as a medicinal plantItem Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Of Neem [Azadirchta Indica] Plant Leaf Extracts against Standard Bacterial Strains(University of Embu, 2021-09) Guyo, Abdihakim AbdullahiNeem is fast growing tree of the mahogany family Meliaceae used in traditional medicine as a source of many therapeutic agents by many communities and grows well in tropical countries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Azadirachta indica against standard bacterial strains, Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Azadirachta indica leaves and stem back were used in the preparation of extracts. Disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of Azadirachta indica extract which was extracted using the water extraction method. The results were obtained by measuring the clear zones that had formed around the bacterial and fungal growth of the isolates at different concentrations of Azadirachta indica extract. The extract concentration showed no antimicrobial activity on E. coli both at low and high concentrations. the average zone of inhibition formed on Staphylococcus aureus showed a decrease in antimicrobial activity with descending plant extract concentration as compared to Candida albicans. The study provides useful information and insights into antimicrobial activities on plant extract that can be used in drug development.Item Testing the Antibacterial Properties of Plant G Leaf Extracts(University of Embu, 2021-09) Gachihi, Pius CollinsPlant extracts with medicinal value have been used to treat many diseases that can either be bacterial, fungal or parasitic among many others. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of plant G extract extracted from plant G collected in Mbeere, Embu county against Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Serial dilution was carried out to obtain different concentrations of the plant extract, for standardization of the isolates McFarland procedure was carried out within a range of 0.54 and used as a reference to regulate the turbidity of bacteria suspensions. The plant extract was extracted using water as the solvent and allowing it to boil for 5-10 minutes then filtered using a filter paper. After incubation of the preferred plant extract concentration with bacteria isolates, zones of inhibition that had formed around the bacteria growth were measured and recorded. The results showed that plant G extract had antimicrobial activity on all the bacteria isolates. The study identified microbial activities of plant G as useful and can be used as a medicinal plant.