Browsing by Author "Prakash, Bhuyar"

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    Production of bioethanol from starchy tuber (Amorphophallus commutatus) and antimicrobial activity study of its extracts
    (African Journal of Biological Sciences, 2020-04-06) Prakash, Bhuyar; Sundararaju, Sathyavathi; Renukaradhya, K. Math; Gaanty Pragas, Maniam; Natanamurugaraj, Govindan
    Biofuels have been regaining popularity due to the rising price of oil, along with the growing concern about global warming caused by carbon dioxide emissions. Biofuels are processed from plant resources and are mostly made up of cellulose, which is one of the toughest materials. If cellulose can be turned into biofuel, it could be more efficient than other commercially available fuels starchy tuber. The of this study is on bioethanol production from starchy tuber. The comparative study was done between biological and chemical processes for the bioethanol production using Amorphophallus tubers. Amorphophallus commutatus species was selected because it shows higher starch content as per starch estimation. Tuber was collected in the lab and pretreatment was given; followed by slurry was prepared and hydrolyzed by using fungal culture Aspergillus and Trichoderma. Three different conditions were maintained as two samples contain both fungal cultures, and one was having normal pH and temperature, and other was at normal temperature having pH 6, and third having only Aspergillus species and normal temp and pH. Hydrolysis was done by saccharification method. After hydrolysis sample is filtered and all three samples allows for fermentation process by using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) process is carried out for 12 to 15 days after fermentation the fermented sample was distilled by Soxlet Extraction method and lastly the sample was estimated for alcohol estimation by using specific gravity method. Two samples showed 11% alcohol content and third one shows 12% content when compared with alcoholometry table. Antimicrobial activity was also studied by using three extracts such as before hydrolysis, after hydrolysis and after fermentation against four types of organism’s two species Salmonella and S. aureus shows positive result while E. coli and Serratia sp. showed negative result. Results indicate that chemical process more productive compared to biological process. However, biological process is eco-friendly. It is also costeffective. It can be produced on large scale for production of bioethanol.
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    Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from agro-industrial wastewater by using microalgae collected from coastal region of peninsular Malaysia
    (African Science Publications, 2021-01-01) Prakash, Bhuyar; Fakhrul, Farez; Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim; Gaanty Pragas, Maniam; Natanamurugaraj, Govindan
    The potential of microalgae as a source of renewable energy based on wastewater has received increasing interest worldwide in recent decades. A freshwater microalga Chlorella vulgaris was investigated for its ability to remove both nitrogen and phosphorus from three industrial wastewaters which were diluted in microalgae in two different proportions (namely, 50% and 75%). C. vulgaris grew fastest under 75% palm oil mill, and showed an maximum cell density (0.408 ± 0.012 g/L) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) wastewater, followed by riboflavin manufacturing wastewater (0.402 ± 0.083 g/L), and fertilizer industrial wastewater (0.320 ± 0.074 g/L), indicating the levels of nitrogen and phosphorus greatly influenced algal growth. Low removal efficiency for total nitrogen (TN) (11.35 ± 0.07% – 51.31 ± 0.03%) and total phosphorus (TP) (31.25 ± 0.24% – 93.62 ± 0.16%) was observed. C. vulgaris grew well when TP concentration was very low, indicating that this might be not the limiting factor to algal growth. The results suggest the potential of removing nutrient from wastewater by microalgae cultivation as production feedstock.