Browsing by Author "Kairo, James"

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    From Shiny Shoes to Muddy Reality: Understanding How Meso-State Actors Negotiate the Implementation Gap in Participatory Forest Management
    (Routledge, 2017-11) Kairu, Anne; Upton, Caroline; Huxham, Mark; Kotut, Kiplagat; Mbeche, Robert; Kairo, James
    Recent research on participatory forest management (PFM) in the global south has highlighted the existence of a widespread “implementation gap” between the ambitious intent enshrined in legislation and the often partial, disappointing rollout of devolved forest governance on the ground. Here, through an ethnographic case study of forest officers (FOs) in Kenya, we draw on a framework of critical institutionalism to examine how key meso-level actors, or “interface bureaucrats,” negotiate and challenge this implementation gap in everyday forest governance. We go beyond consideration of institutional bricolage in isolation or as an aggregate category, to analyze how bricolage as aggregation, alteration, and/or articulation is variously driven, shaped, and constrained by FOs’ multiple accountabilities and agency. Our analysis highlights the locally specific, contingent, and mutually reinforcing nature of accountability, agency and bricolage, and their explanatory power in relation to the performance and nature of “actually existing” PFM.
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    Species composition, abundance and fishing methods of small-scale fisheries in the seagrass meadows of Gazi Bay, Kenya
    (Routledge, 2019-05) Musembi, Peter; Fulanda, Bernerd; Kairo, James; Githaiga, Michael N.
    Fisheries are important sources of livelihoods to coastal communities. In the tropics fishing is conducted from mangroves, seagrass meadows to coral reefs. Studies on fisheries in the tropics have focused on coral reef fisheries, with little attention to seagrass meadows and mangroves. Using creel survey and indepth interviews, this study assessed species composition, abundance and exploitation methods of fisheries from the seagrass meadows of Gazi Bay, Kenya. Eighty-five species were recorded with 8 species accounting for 75.7% of the total catch dominated by Leptoscarus vaigiensis, accounting for 30.9% of the total catch. Five dominant gears were observed: basket traps, hook and stick, handlines, nets and spear-guns. Basket traps were the most dominant accounting for 75.1% of the total catch by volume. These results underscore the value of the seagrass meadows to supporting fisheries. Gear management measures should be implemented for sustainability of the seagrass habitat and associated fisheries.