Browsing by Author "Daniel Otieno, Otaye"

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    Effect of aqueous extracts of Datura stramonium W. seeds, leaves and roots on mortality of second stage juveniles of Globodera rostochiensis in Kenya
    (African Science Publications, 2020-10-05) Naomi Waithira, Kamau; Japhet Mburugu, Muthamia; Daniel Otieno, Otaye; Solveig, Haukeland
    Experiments were carried out in the laboratory to evaluate the effects of aqueous extracts of leaves, seeds and roots of Datura stramonium at different concentrations on mortality of Globodera rostochiensis juveniles. Volumes of 5 mL of the extract at 100 (crude extract), 50, 25 and 12.5% dilutions were dispensed separately into Petri dishes containing 20 freshly hatched second stage juveniles (J2s) of G. rostochiensis. Juvenile mortality was recorded at 24, 48 and 72 h intervals. The treatments were replicated four times. Petri dishes were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test for the differences (means) among the extracts and the dilutions. The results showed that the crude extracts (100%) of all extracts and 50% dilution of roots and seeds caused 100% mortality after 24 h exposure. This study established that aqueous extracts of D. stramonium has the potential for use as a bionematicide. Further experiments are required to confirm their effect under cropping conditions. There is also a need to analyze the phytochemicals of the plant which cause nematode mortality.
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    The efficacy of sterilizing agents, copper oxychloride, vegetable oil and agrowipe (botanic neem extract) against crown gall disease of roses in Kericho, Kenya
    (African Science Publications, 2020-10-05) Oniang’o Mary, Opisa; Oliver Stafford, Achwanya; Daniel Otieno, Otaye; Japheth Mburugu, Muthamia
    The experiments were conducted at James Finlay Kenya, flowers division Tarakwet farm in Kericho county from January 2016 to December 2016 to study the efficacy of copper oxychloride 1.0 g/L, hydrogen peroxide 1.0 ml/L, dettol 0.5 mL/L and 1.0 mL/L, agrowipe undiluted and fresh fri undiluted as control agents of crown gall disease in roses. Crown gall causes losses of between 75-95% on susceptible rose varieties hence the need to develop effective control strategies. Results showed plots treated with agrowipe and fresh fri had higher yield of roses, which were of better quality, longer, heavier and also inhibited growth of crown gall tumors and fresh crown gall growths compared to copper oxychloride at 1.0 g/L and untreated control. Dettol at 0.5 mL/L, 1.0 mL/L and hydrogen peroxide 1.0 mL/L had moderate yield of roses and crown gall control. Similar results were observed in the pot trials. Agrowipe and fresh fri effectively controlled crown gall diseases hence were recommended for use in controlling crown gall disease in roses in Kenya.