Determinants of Gender Based Violence Against Men in Tigania West Sub-County, Meru County Kenya

Abstract

Gender-Based Violence (GBV) stands as a pervasive global phenomenon impacting individuals irrespective of their gender. Although traditionally, women have been predominantly recognized as primary victims, men also encounter diverse dimensions of GBV. This study was conducted in Tigania West, Meru County, Kenya, with the primary aim of investigating the determinants of GBV against men in Tigania West Sub-County, Meru County, Kenya. The study targeted a population of 135,980 individuals. An exploratory cross-sectional case study design was employed, involving a random sample of 398 respondents. Data collection methods included focus group discussions and questionnaires. The analysis utilized a mixed-method approach integrating qualitative analysis with descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. The theoretical framework guiding this research comprised Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory, emphasizing how individuals learn behaviors through observation and imitation, complemented by Gender Theory, which explores societal constructs of masculinity and femininity. Key findings from the study revealed that GBV against men in Tigania West manifested in various forms, notably physical, emotional, and sexual violence. Sociocultural factors such as cultural norms and economic factors like unemployment and low education levels were identified as significant contributors to the perpetuation of GBV against men. Moreover, the research underscored the profound negative impact of GBV on men's mental health and well-being, highlighting issues such as depression, anxiety, trauma, and the underreporting of cases. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to the growing body of knowledge on GBV by shedding light on the often-overlooked experiences of male victims. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and community organizations to develop more inclusive intervention strategies, promote awareness, and foster a more gender-balanced approach to addressing GBV in Kenya.