Expression of metallothionein and tubulin in heavy metal-tolerant Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera:Culicidae).

dc.contributor.authorMireji, Paul O.
dc.contributor.authorKeating, Joseph
dc.contributor.authorHassaali, Ahmed
dc.contributor.authorImpoinvil, Daniel E.
dc.contributor.authorMbogo, Charles
dc.contributor.authorMuturi, Martha
dc.contributor.authorNyambaka, Hudson
dc.contributor.authorKenya, Eucharia U.
dc.contributor.authorGithure, John
dc.contributor.authorBeier, John
dc.date.accessioned2015-07-15T07:08:29Z
dc.date.available2015-07-15T07:08:29Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.descriptiondoi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.08.004en_US
dc.description.abstractAnopheles mosquitoes have been shown to adapt to heavy metals in their natural habitats. In this study we explored the possibility of using Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto as bioreporters for environmental heavy metal pollution through expressions of their metalresponsive metallothionein and alpha-tubulin genes. The study was undertaken with third instar larvae after selection by cadmium, copper, or lead at LC(30) through five successive generations. Expression levels were determined in the 5th generation by semiquantitative RT-PCR on the experimental and control populations. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The highest metallothionein (F(3,11)=4.574, P=0.038) and alpha-tubulin (F(3,11)=12.961, P=0.002) responses were observed in cadmiumtolerant treatments. There was significantly higher expression of metallothionein in cadmium or copper treatments relative to the control (P=0.012), and in cadmium than in lead treatments (P=0.044). Expressions of alpha-tubulin were significantly higher in cadmium than in control treatments (P=0.008). These results demonstrate the capacity of An. gambiae s.s. to develop tolerance to increased levels of heavy metal challenge. The results also confirm the potential of heavy metal-responsive genes in mosquitoes as possible bio-indicators of heavy metal environmental pollution. How the tolerance and expressions relate to An. gambiae s.s. fitness and vectorial capacity in the environment remains to be elucidated.en_US
dc.identifier.citationEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol. 73 pp:46 – 50en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul_Mireji/publication/26794908_Expression_of_metallothionein_and_alpha-tubulin_in_heavy_metal-tolerant_Anopheles_gambiae_sensu_stricto_%28Diptera_Culicidae%29/links/00463519e21438b1d7000000.pdf?disableCoverPage=true&inViewer=1
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/209
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.subjectAnopheles gambiae s.s.en_US
dc.subjectHeavymetalsen_US
dc.subjectToleranceen_US
dc.subjectPollutionen_US
dc.subjecta-tubulinen_US
dc.subjectMetallothioneinen_US
dc.titleExpression of metallothionein and tubulin in heavy metal-tolerant Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera:Culicidae).en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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