Nutrient content of sorghum hybrid lines between Gadam and hard coat tannin sorghum cultivars

Abstract

Sorghum is an important food crop in the world that exhibits a predominant role in fulfilling the nutritional requirements, particularly in low- income group populations of marginal areas in Kenya. It is a principal source of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and crude fibers (CFs), which are important nutrients necessary for human development and health. Reduced tannin in sorghum grains is desirable since it affects the availability of nutrients. This study aimed at assessing the nutrient content in filial generation one (F1 ) developed between Gadam (sorghum), which is low in tannin and hard

coat tannin (sorghum) cultivars. The nutrient content analyses were carried out from

samples collected in a completely randomized design experiment. Crude protein (CP)

and tannin content were analyzed using the modified Kjeldahl method and vanillin-

HCl methanol method, respectively, whereas moisture, fat, CF, ash, and carbohydrate

contents were determined using Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods.

Data

collected were subjected to analysis of variance using R statistical software. Among the F1 s, Kari/Mtama- 1 x Gadam recorded the highest CP value of 10.390%. This differed significantly from Gadam x Kari/Mtama- 1 which recorded CP content of 9.770%. Kari/Mtama- 1 x Gadam recorded the highest fat and moisture contents of 2.299% and 8.600%, respectively. The highest CF content of 3.433% was recorded in Gadam x Serena. Gadam x Kari/Mtama- 1 recorded the highest ash content of 1.619%, whereas the highest carbohydrate (84.503%) and tannin content (0.771 mg/g) means were recorded in Seredo x Gadam. Results demonstrated that the choice of maternal and paternal parent influence CP, CF, and carbohydrate contents. Among the F1 s,

tannin content ranged from 0.106 to 0.771 mg/g compared to 0.953 to 1.763 mg/g

recorded in Serena and Seredo (hard coat seeded cultivars). This is an indication that

tannin can be downregulated through hybridization.