Abstract:
Invasive Gelechiidae pest species, namely Tuta absoluta, Phthorimaea operculella, Aproaerema simplixella,
Sitotroga cerealella, and Pectinophora gossypiella are among the major constraints hampering agricultural
economy in Kenya. Infestation levels were determined on respective host crops sampled from different localities
and P. operculella recorded the highest infestation of 68.00 ± 4.92% on stored potato. Aproaerema simplixella
and T. absoluta accounted for 61.33 ± 5.35% and 51.56 ± 5.22% maximal infestation on groundnuts and tomato
leaves, respectively. Stored maize was significantly infested by S. cerealella (54.33 ± 5.31%) while no infestation
was observed on the freshly harvested grains. Infestation on open bolls by P. gossypiella was relatively low
(6.11 ± 3.46%) compared to Anatrachyntis simplex (45.67 ± 7.84%) that emerged as the key pest of cotton. The
species were discriminated based on sequence similarities, evolutionary divergences, and phylogenetic analyses.
A 658-bp fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was obtained from 302 specimens.
Generally, genetic variations were low within and between Gelechiid populations, with an average of 0.02% and
all intraspecific divergences were less than 2% except for S. cerealella. The Gelechiids data set generated eight
Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), five of which were concordant and three belonging to S. cerealella were singleton.
All species were separated into distinct clusters on a maximum likelihood tree. Data on infestation levels will be
useful in defining the pest status of these Gelechiids in Kenya. DNA barcoding is also presented as a valuable tool
to complement traditional taxonomy for rapid and accurate identification of these species of agronomic interest.
