Articles: Department of Biological Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 81-100 of 280
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Mutation EthAW21R confers co-resistance to prothionamide and ethionamide in both Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
(Dove Press, 2018-06)Ethionamide (ETA) and prothionamide (PRO) are interchangeably used in tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy regimens. Subtle discrepancies between biochemical and genetic information on the modes of sensitivity and resistance ... -
Yeast Extract Peptone Based Co-cultivation Media Promotes Transient GUS Expression in Tropical Maize Genotypes
(2017)Background and Objective: Tropical maize is the most cultivated crop in sub-Saharan Africa and is a staple food to over 220 million people. This study, evaluated the competence of four tropical maize (Zea mays L.) inbred ... -
Measuring the role of seagrasses in regulating sediment surface elevation
(Scientific Reports, 2017-09)Seagrass meadows provide numerous ecosystem services and their rapid global loss may reduce human welfare as well as ecological integrity. In common with the other ‘blue carbon’ habitats (mangroves and tidal marshes) ... -
Biomass and productivity of seagrasses in Africa
(De Gruyter, 2016-05): There is growing interest in carbon stocks and flows in seagrass ecosystems, but recent global reviews suggest a paucity of studies from Africa. This paper reviews work on seagrass productivity, biomass and sediment ... -
Evaluation of prokaryotic diversity of five hot springs in Eritrea
(BioMed Central, 2017-09)Background: Total community rDNA was used to determine the diversity of bacteria and archaea from water, wet sediment and microbial mats samples of hot springs in the Eastern lowlands of Eritrea. The temperatures of ... -
Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Five Hot Springs in Eritrea
(IISTE, 2017-07)Eritrea has a number of hot springs whose physicochemical characteristics are not documented. This study examined the thermal and chemical features of five hot springs located in the eastern escarpment of Eritrea. Field data ... -
Morphological variation of Ridged Frogs of the Taita Hills, Kenya
(Firenze University Press, 2011-12)Comparing of morphological character variation within taxa continues to play an important role in improving species inventories. Using morphometrical and non-meristic morphological adult characters, the diversity of the ... -
Diversity and Abundance Patterns of Amphibians in Rehabilitated Quarries of Bamburi Near Mombasa (Kenya)
(Research, 2013-11)Amphibians are sensitive to changes in the environment and are, therefore, excellent indicators of success in restoring degraded habitats. As such, a clear understanding on how amphibian populations respond to changes ... -
Effects of biocontrol bacteria and earthworms on the severity of Alternaria brassicae disease and the growth of oilseed rape plants
(Elsevier, 2017-04)Biological control of plant diseases through the addition of microbial biocontrol agents and the promotion of earthworms can be an environmentally friendly alternative to the chemical control of plant diseases. ... -
Performance Evaluation of Proximal Sensors for Soil Assessment in Smallholder Farms in Embu County, Kenya
(MDPI, 2016-08)Four proximal soil sensors were tested at four smallholder farms in Embu County, Kenya: a portable X-ray fluorescence sensor (PXRF), a mobile phone application for soil color determination by photography, a dual-depth ... -
Trophic interactions among soil arthropods in contrasting land-use systems in Kenya, studied with stable isotopes
(Elsevier, 2017-04)Understanding how land use intensification changes organism communities and trophic interactions in soil is important for development of sustainable agriculture and forestry. We analysed the food web of soil arthropods ... -
Potential human pathogenic bacteria in five hot springs in Eritrea revealed by next generation sequencing
(PLOS ONE, 2018-03)Human pathogens can survive and grow in hot springs. For water quality assessment, Escherichia coli or Enterococci are the main thermotolerant enteric bacteria commonly used to estimate the load of pathogenic bacteria ... -
Drought Response in Selected Tropical Inbred Maize Lines and Relative Expression of PARP2 Gene under Limited Water Conditions
(Science Publishing Group, 2018-04)Drought is the leading single factor that limits maize production thus inhibiting the crops genetic potential. In response to drought, maize and other plants synthesize Poly ADP-Ribose (PAR) protein. This process is ... -
Carbon in the Coastal Seascape: How Interactions Between Mangrove Forests, Seagrass Meadows and Tidal Marshes Influence Carbon Storage
(Springer, 2018-04)Purpose of Review We use the ‘seascape’ concept to explore how interactions between mangrove forests, tidal marshes and seagrass influence the storage of carbon in these ecosystems. Mangrove forests, with the other two ... -
Stay at home aphids: comparative spatial and seasonal metapopulation structure and dynamics of two specialist tansy aphid species studied using microsatellite markers
(2011-06)Two tansy-feeding aphids, Macrosiphoniella tanacetaria (MA) and Metopeurum fuscoviride (ME), were studied at a small spatial scale in and around Jena (< 80 km2) using polymorphic microsatellite markers. Both species were ... -
Coevolutionary fine-tuning: evidence for genetic tracking between a specialist wasp parasitoid and its aphid host in a dual metapopulation interaction
(2012-09)In the interaction between two ecologically-associated species, the population structure of one species may affect the population structure of the other. Here, we examine the population structures of the aphid Metopeurum ... -
Microsatellites from Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a specialist primary parasitoid attacking the specialist tansy aphid, Metopeurum fuscoviride Stroyan (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
(2008-10)Nine polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated from the specialist aphid parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis. In addition, two published loci from closely related Lysiphlebus species were also used. Allelic diversity ... -
Mating Strategies in Solitary Aphid Parasitoids: Effect of Patch Residence Time and Ant Attendance
(2011-06)Mate finding and dispersal from the natal patch in parasitoid Hymenoptera are influenced by the availability of host resources and interactions with other organisms. We compared the mating behavior of three solitary aphid ... -
Spatial population dynamics of a specialist aphid parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): evidence for philopatry and restricted dispersal
(2010-01)Within insect communities, the population ecology of organisms representing higher trophic levels, for example, hymenopterous parasitoids, may be influenced by the structure of their insect hosts. Using microsatellite ... -
Effects of pea aphid secondary endosymbionts on aphid resistance and development of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi: a correlative study
(2010-05)In order to reduce parasite-induced mortality, hosts may be involved in mutualistic interactions in which the partner contributes to resistance against the parasite. The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: ...