Cement-based materials are subject to degradation during their service life. Most of the structural failures have been associated with corrosion of the rebar due to chloride ingress, alkali aggregate reaction, and/or sulfate ...

The concrete/mortar durability performance depends mainly on the environmental conditions, the microstructures, and its chemistry. Cement structures are subject to deterioration by the ingress of aggressive media. This ...

Cement is widely used as a construction material in the construction industry. However, there are challenges affecting its durability efficacy. Cement mortar/concrete is subject to degradation by aggressive ions such ...

Pyroprocessing is an important stage in cement manufacturing. In this process, materials are subjected to high temperatures so as to cause a chemical or physical change. Its control improves efficiency in energy utilization ...

Conventional binders in the particleboards formulation involve use of formaldehyde resins. Epidemiologic studies show that formaldehyde is carcinogenic. Efforts to reduce formaldehyde emissions by use of scavengers has ...

Efforts to reduce pressure on use of wood in particleboard formulation have included the use of non-wood materials such as crop residues. Physical and mechanical properties are determined by the number of the hydroxyl (-OH) ...

Cement-made materials face durability and sustainability challenges. (is is majorly caused by the presence of cracks. Cracking affects the mechanical strength of cement-based materials. Microbiologically induced calcite ...