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dc.contributor.authorKugeria, Peterson M.
dc.contributor.authorMwangi, Isaac
dc.contributor.authorWachira, Jackson M.
dc.contributor.authorNjoroge, Peter
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-03T09:58:22Z
dc.date.available2019-07-03T09:58:22Z
dc.date.issued2018-07
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Sustainable Mining 17 (2018) 202–208en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsm.2018.07.003
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.embuni.ac.ke/handle/embuni/2187
dc.description.abstractIn many countries large deposits of copper with no locally established copper based industries occur because known methods for extraction are prohibitively expensive and unaffordable. This study reports on an affordable and sustainable method for the extraction of copper. This was achieved through the use of a wet chemical method which makes use of hydrazones prepared in situ from chicken dung leached solution. The method involves the reduction of copper (II) ions leached from copper ore to zero valence using chlorine treated solution prepared from chicken droppings at a temperature range of 60–70 °C. The ore samples were pulverized to 250 micro millimetres and leached with hydrochloric acid to obtain leachate containing copper ions. The dissolved copper was reduced to copper metal and obtained by filtration. It was confirmed by XRFS analysis that, the metal purity was found to range between 60 and 80% depending on the ore used. In another experiment, chicken waste solution was used to extract copper from the ore. To the mixture, chlorine gas was then bubbledthrough a glass delivery tube to prepare the hydrazone in situ at a temperature range of 60–70 °C and a pure copper metal was obtained. The findings from this study have shown that there is great potential for the production of copper at low cost and this could be applied in both small-scale cottage industries and large industries using readily available resources such as chicken dung.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.subjectHydrazonesen_US
dc.subjectIn situen_US
dc.subjectReductionen_US
dc.subjectZero valenceen_US
dc.subjectChicken dungen_US
dc.titleCopper extraction by wet chemical methoden_US
dc.typeArticleen_US


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