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dc.contributor.authorHaddad, John J.
dc.date.accessioned2016-10-25T07:44:54Z
dc.date.available2016-10-25T07:44:54Z
dc.date.issued2013-01
dc.identifier.citationAmerican Journal of Molecular Biology, 2013, 3, 45-58en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajmb.2013.31006
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1033
dc.description.abstractThe nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) is one member of a ubiquitously expressed family of Rel-related transcription factors that serve as critical regulators of proinflammatory genes. The immunomodulatory potential of thymulin and its effect on NF-kB in vivo, particularly in the central nervous system (CNS), is not well characterized. In this study, the role of endotoxin (ET) in regulating NF-kB was unraveled in various compartments of the CNS. Stereotaxic localization reverberated specific intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of ET into the CNS, with or without pretreatment with ICV thymulin. Treatment with ET upregulated the expression and nuclear trans-localization of NF-kB1 (p50), NF-kB2 (p52), RelA (p65), RelB (p68) and c-Rel (p75) in the hippocampus (HC), an effect abrogated by ICV pretreatment with thymulin. Thymulin modulated the phosphorylation of IkB-a in the HC by upregulating the cytosolic accumulation of IkB-a and downregulating its phosphorylation (pIkB-a). Further analysis of the DNA-binding activity revealed an upregulated activity in the HC relative to saline-constitutive expression of the RelA (p65) subunit. ET did not induce the DNA-binding activity of NF-kB in the diencephalon (DE) or substantia nigra (SN) at various time points, when compared with baseline levels of expression. Intraperitoneal (IP) injections of ET in vivo upregulated the expression of NF-kB subunits in the liver and reduced the cytosolic accumulation of IkB-a by inducing pIkB-a. Furthermore, IP pretreatment with thymulin followed by ICV injeen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherScientific Research Publishingen_US
dc.subjectAnti-Inflammatoryen_US
dc.subjectHippocampusen_US
dc.subjectIkBen_US
dc.subjectInflammationen_US
dc.subjectIntracerebroventricularen_US
dc.subjectIntraperitonealen_US
dc.subjectLipopolysaccharideen_US
dc.subjectNF-kBen_US
dc.subjectThymulinen_US
dc.titleThe molecular regulatory effect of intracerebroventricular thymulin on endotoxin-mediated NF-kB nuclear translocation and activation in vivoen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US


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